Here's why: the
beneficial bacteria you're trying to grow (Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira) need three things—
oxygen, surface area, and a food source (ammonia). Sitting in a bucket of old tank water gives them surface area and maybe a little ammonia, but
no water flow means no oxygen. The bacteria will quickly become dormant or die off, and you'll essentially be starting from scratch when you move the filter to the 40-gallon.
A few better approaches for your 26→40 gallon upgrade:
- Run both filters on the 26-gallon — As Lucy suggested, keep the new sponge filter running alongside your existing one for a few weeks. The flow of tank water delivers oxygen and ammonia, and the bacteria will colonize the new sponge naturally.
- Squeeze your existing filter media into the new sponge — This seeds the new media with bacteria directly. Then run it in the 26-gallon to let the colony establish.
- When you upgrade, move everything at once — Transfer your existing filter (with its established media) to the 40-gallon along with the new sponge filter. The old media carries your bacteria colony; the new filter will seed from it over time.
- Stock slowly — Whichever route you take, add fish gradually over a few weeks so the bacteria colony can grow to match the increased bioload. This is the single most important step for avoiding a mini-cycle.
One more tip: if you're worried about the timeline, a
bottle of beneficial bacteria (like
Seachem Stability or Tetra SafeStart) can help jumpstart the new filter, though it's not a substitute for seeding from established media.
Good luck with the upgrade! A 26→40 gallon move is a nice size jump—your fish will appreciate the extra room.