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I dont see any reasons to change sand, I have a tank with 10 years old sand and doing fine

This is a 30g Light & Dark tank I set up this year. Basically has a LED light on half of the tank only Hydrophila corymbosa with cherry shrimps The contrast messes with my phone's camera though, hard to get a full tank pic

Those are betta imbellis and not the same as the common betta splendens sold in north america Youll need RO water for them, I think someone on this forum successfully kept them a while ago

If it's a brackish fish youll need to achieve brackish conditions first. And then go through the cycling process. The bacteria for freshwater cannot function in brackish water iirc...

Seems like a lot of feeding and not enough aeration and water changes for the amount of food going into the tank More food more waste, which means more oxygen demand and more need for water changes I would keep airstone running at night. Maybe try some different brands or add a padding...

Ive never cleaned mine, running for almost 15 years

Ah Im in downtown Toronto Chinatown area, I may go to sauga occasionally, just msg me directly. Can do males only sure, can also trade for riccia. Thanks

bump, shrimps available as of March 6th, 2024

The design of overflow compartment is that power outage does not affect it. If pump stops, then water stop overflowing. There is no need to match drain rate with pump rate, as long as the drain can accomodate more than the pump rate Im not too sure what it means to angle the U tube? From my...

If you play around with the tube size and water pressure it may run smoothly for a very long time. I havent made it work myself though. The simplest solution is just drill the tank and then no more worry about bubble buildup Alternatively, an above-tank sump will not have to worry about losing...

Used a sump for many years, not a big fan of the overflow compartment though. It always needed some maintenance due to bubble build up. Siphon had to be remade every few months. For media I just put whatever with high surface area, dont think it matters too much.

Dont need to clean it. The fertilizer in amazonia is just poop and plant matter breaking down over months and years. It's no different from the gunk that collects in your substrate.

Can always just buy a bag of clay and mix it with your sand, youll get a muddy texture when it becomes wet. Add in some peat moss and youll have a very rich fertilized substrate. Clay is just sand particles smaller than a certain size. When people rinse their substrate.... They are washing...

My guess is some kind of filter feeder as well. If you touch it, does it retract?

Are you selling the plants and losing money? I dont spend anything on my planted tanks, so expense is almost 0. For fertilizer I have one bottle of fish food as well as kitchen scraps. I trim and sell about once every 2-3 months.

After reading that....so what is the mechanism for binding ammonia? The studies they linked led to our understanding of ammonium/ammonia pH equilibrium and ammonium salts. But it is ammonium not ammonia that form salts due to that positive H+ charge. Adding any acid will detox ammonia as it...

Ive never found lomeliness to an issue. Water quality is still the most important factor. A single guppy kept in a large tank will still live for years Feeding seem to be too much, for 3 small fish I dont generally feed at all, if I do its just a flake per fish. Would also recommend using...

If the GH is near 0 and KH very high then that is likely water from a softener. See if you can bypass the softener and test again But judging from the pic its hard to tell exactly what the gh and kh is. But again, check for a softener first

Afaik the cheap tests do not differentiate between free chlorine and chlorine that has already reacted, it takes expensive equipment to check for free chlorine Yes, for peace of mind can always use it. My curiosity came about from my attempts to make tap water immediately safe, so naturally...

Yes, my water aeration process may coincidentally remove chloramine, but is this actually what is happening? Given that adding dechlorinator does not make the water immediately safe, it appears something other than chloramine is in effect. On a side note, the compounds that result after...