its not the size of the fish that matters, allot of people assume because they are juvies, they are ok...but, with that being said, its their waste that matters most...a 4-5 inch oscars poo's the amount of twice that size of a fish...dempseys dont put out as much waste, but are not far behind...even if the tanks been running years, there could be a mini cycle going on because of the bioload of those fish....if you arent doing at least 3 parial water changes a week, its very easy to have a mini cycle sneak up on you when you least expect it...do you have a reading for your ammonia,
nitrite, and nitrates? that will help us help even more ..