Post #1 Pics 1, 2 and 3: Either a Hang on Back or an old top tank placed filter. The outlet are those two horizontal openings at the bottom of the plastic tray.
Pics4 and : The powerhead is most likely an AquaClear 70 (maybe the old model 802). It max output is roughly 400GPH but can be used in reverse flow at max 175GPH: the lower green color adjuster means forward flow, if you slide it it will show a red color, meaning reverse flow. The upper yellow colored adjuster is for controlling flow speed, from - to +.
Post #2: Pics 1, 2 and 3:
DIY Acrylic Wet/Dry sump filter. Pic 1 is the wet/dry sump tank; Pic 2 shows the overflow box (the box that has indentations is upside down, that ones goes inside the tank), the
PVC and flexible hose connection I don't fully understand in this design; Pic 3 is parts of pre-fllter media, the white blue goes in the receiving tray in the Wet/Dry unit, just above the bio-balls; I figure the black was placed around the output of the overflow box; the others might be placed between the bio-balls and the sump section.
The HOB is likely an old Whisper 5 HOB as alicen says. The output is right there at the openings that are located at the bottom of the plastic output tray.
Post 2 Pics 4 and 5: amanda identified this as Whisper 5, I aggree, and old model but likely a good filter.
Keep that around until you familiarize with the parts, I have a second hand DIY acrylic sump that looks a lot like yours (except for the overflow PVC that confuse me a bit). Except for charcoal, you could thoroughly clean and reuse most of that filter media (I cleaned mine with bleach solution).
Pepe
Santo Domingo