The main culprit here sounds like
chloramine which is composed of ammonia and chlorine. Maybe your water company just puts in a little more than usual

While chlorine will evaporate from the water after a few days I don't believe that chloramine will evaporate.
I think the ammo lock and amquel essentially do the same thing - detoxify ammonia. I would continue to use the amquel with your water changes until you can get a filter and see if the filter removes the ammonia (or chloramine) from the tap water. As far as the cycle goes, amquel could potentially slow the cycle since ammonia is what gets the cycle started and keeps it going, albeit in smaller amounts than 2 ppm.
I use the python as well on my freshwater tanks and just add the proper amount of dechlorinator directly into the stream of replacement water coming out of the python. I've had no ill effects from doing this but would urge caution if you are using a python vacuum in a breeding tank or if you have more sensitive fish species. For my saltwater tanks, I only use the python to remove water and then I use aged saltwater (in 5 gallon buckets) to replenish the water I've removed with the python. I do love the python by the way.
Also, since you already have fish and if your tank isn't cycled, you are in for an uphill battle. Use your test kits frequently and plan on frequent water changes for many weeks until the cycle has started detoxifying the ammonia and nitrites on it's own. That is, once you can reduce the amount of ammonia coming out of the tap. Good luck and keep us posted.